Short answer
After a house fire, wait until the fire department says it's safe to enter, call your insurer, secure the home against weather and theft, and document all damage before cleanup. Get water from firefighting extracted and soot cleaned within a day or two, before acidic residue and dampness cause more damage.
The first day
- Don't go back in until the fire department clears the building. Ask them whether utilities are safe to turn back on.
- Call your insurance company, get a claim number and ask about temporary housing (additional living expenses).
- Contact your landlord or mortgage lender if you have one.
- Board up broken windows and tarp roof openings, or have a restoration company do it.
- If you have pets, check them for burns and smoke exposure.
Document everything
Photograph and video every room, including closets and the contents of cabinets, before anything is thrown away. Keep receipts for hotel stays, meals, clothing and other expenses caused by the fire. Make a list of damaged belongings; your insurer will ask for it.
Water, soot and smoke
Firefighting often leaves more water damage than fire damage. That water needs extraction and drying like any leak, or mold can follow. Soot is acidic and can etch fixtures and stain surfaces within days. See fire damage restoration and smoke and soot cleanup.
What to throw away
Discard food, medicine and cosmetics exposed to heat, smoke or firefighting water, and anything that looks burned or smells strongly of smoke and can't be cleaned. Photograph items before you throw them out.
Questions
Can I stay in my house after a small fire?
Sometimes, once the fire department clears it and utilities are safe. Smoke and soot can irritate lungs, so people with asthma, young children and older adults may be better off elsewhere until cleaning is done.
Does homeowners insurance cover smoke and water damage from a fire?
Most standard policies cover accidental fire, including smoke damage and water used to fight the fire. Check limits, your deductible and any additional living expense coverage.
This guide is general information, not professional, legal or insurance advice. Follow your insurer's instructions and local codes, and put safety first.